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Arena of Astley's Amphitheatre, Surrey Road, London

Engraver W. Wise (British)

DateDecember 1st, 1815

MediumEtching on paper

DimensionsOverall: 9 x 11 in. (22.9 x 27.9 cm)

ClassificationsPrints

Object numberSN1546.130.32

Equestrian artist Philip Astley (1742 – 1814) is credited with creating the basic form of the modern circus that is recognized today — a diverse program of acts including acrobatics, clowning, and horsemanship performed in a 42 foot diameter ring. He staged the first of such performances at his riding school outside of London in 1768. Astley would continue to shape the early history of the circus arts through performances staged at Astley’s Amphitheatre and at permanent venues he helped establish across the European continent. Astley’s original amphitheater was burned down by fire, as was a subsequent building. When rebuilt in 1804, the final structure to be known as Astley’s Amphitheatre included the ring pit for equestrian performances and a stage large enough to accommodate dramatic performances which often included actors on horseback. By 1818, the stage was constructed so that it could be raised or lowered depending on the performance. The amphitheater continued under various management until 1893 and was demolished two years later.

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